Warnock Report
The Warnock Committee first established the Warnock Report in 1978. The Report was named after Mary Warnock who was a former head teacher, academic and leader of several high-profile inquiries. Because of her background as an education list, Warnock was appointed in 1974 to chair a UK inquiry on special education. The report, published in 1978, brought radical change in the field, by placing emphasis on the teaching of learning disabled children in mainstream schools and introducing a system of “statementing” children in order for them to gain entitlement to special education support. Mary Warnock produced a report that laid the foundations for the introduction of statements of special educational need in England and Wales. The committee set up to review the provision for children with mental and physical disabilities.
The Warnock Report, thanks to Mary was published as“The Education Of the Handicapped Children and Young People” in 1978. Mary Warnock, brought radical change to mainstream schools. The document provided the foundation for great changes in education for children having special needs. The report covered any student learning needs that could not be met by teachers in a typical mainstream classroom and advocated inclusion rather than special schools. Mary Warnock tackled the issues on teaching learning-disabled children in mainstream schools and introducing a system of ‘statementing’ children in order to gain special educational support. Before the Warnock Report pupils had been allocated to one of the series of categories such as ‘maladjusted’, ‘educationally sub-normal’ and other forms of labelling deemed inaccurate and offensive in equal measure.
The Warnock Committee’s conclusion was that 20% of children in school population could have special educational needs. The 2% from that needed extra support, which a mainstream school could not provide for. The Warnock Committee wanted to ensure appropriate provision was received to ensure the 2% were protected. Warnock argues the 18% would require special provision in normal schools it further argued that this 18% had always been there, but there had not been a consistent effort to integrate these children in the system.
The Warnock Report formed the basis of the Education Act 1981 which was attempted to take a look at the situation. The Act introduced the requirement that LEA’s identify and assess pupils who may require the local education authority to decide on suitable provision for them. The 1981 Act also allowed for parents to appeal against decisions made about their child’s special education need in the first instance.
The Act went further in stating that the education of children with SEN should be carried out in ordinary schools where possible. The act therefore emphasised an approach that is in favour of inclusion and integration, rather than separation and isolation. This approach advocates that children with special needs should be treated as individuals, and that the particular resources that each child needs should be allocated to that child. For example, that the child should have a leaning support teacher with them in the classroom, rather than being taken out of the class.
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